| The Politics |
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Do we really live in a democracy? Are political and policy decisions made whereby the foremost consideration is the public interest and the greater good? To understand why political parties make certain policy decisions one must understand the ideologies behind modern politics. Governments in most modern societies have embraced globalisation and neoliberalism. Two types of urban governance have dominated in Australia in the last two decades. The 1980s saw Social Democratic Managerialism, characterised by state governments that managed their affairs similarly to the private sector, dominate. Neoliberalism or economic rationalism was adopted as the dominant ideology by state and federal governments after 1990. This saw the rise of corporate liberalism a form of governance where governments view themselves as corporations. (Gleeson and Low, 2000: 92)
Democracy, traditionally has meant, rule of the citizens. Dahl, a pluralist theorist, believes that democracy is impossible in populations over 50,000. Dahl argued that modern industrial countries like Australia were ‘not democracies so much as polyarchies - shifting coalitions of powerful interest groups’. (in Marshall, 1998: 147) Australian
democracy is defined by ‘free, fair elections, through which citizens
must periodically participate in government’. (Bridgman and Davis, 1998:
76) But others such as Jack Mundey, onetime leader of the Builders Labourers
Federation, claim that the participating in an election every 3-4 years
does not give citizens enough say in issues affecting their community.
Mundey (in Gleeson and Low, 2000: 164) states that:
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